Phonological Awareness
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Phonological awareness is the general ability to attend to the sounds of language. This includes the initial awareness of speech sounds and rhythms, rhyme awareness, recognition of sound similarities and phonemic awareness. To develop this area teachers engage in focused activities during all phases of the day. These activities include games in which children hear phoneme isolation and language play in which phonemes are manipulated e.g. rhyming, silly sentences.
Comprehension 
This is the process of understanding what is being learned by linking it to what is already known. Teachers promote comprehension by enhancing oral language and vocabulary through social interaction and children's active engagement with the environment. The day is organised so children are constantly using vocabulary to plan, predict, organise, sequence, question, report, recall, imagine, tell stories, persuade and reason.
